aceAI in Proton Therapy Treatment Planning: A Narrative Review
Purpose: Proton therapy provides superior dose conformity compared to photon therapy, but its treatment planning is challenged by sensitivity to anatomical changes, setup/range uncertainties, and computational complexity. This narrative review evaluates the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving proton therapy treatment planning, with emphasis on proton-specific requirements for dose-calculation accuracy, robustness, and adaptive decision-making. Materials and methods: Recent studies on AI application…
AI tools are showing promise for automating contouring, accelerating dose calculation, predicting dose distributions and improving adaptive replanning in proton therapy planning.
Errors in AI-generated images, contours, dose estimates or optimization outputs can propagate into range uncertainty and adaptive replanning decisions, so proton therapy requires more stringent evaluation than photon therapy.
The authors identify unresolved barriers: data scarcity, limited generalizability, limited physical interpretability, uncertainty management, no standardized proton-specific benchmarks, and limited prospective validation.
Evidence
- Peer-reviewedInternational Journal of Particle Therapy2026-09-25
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Truvace Impact Record TRV-2026-1790, v1: “AI in Proton Therapy Treatment Planning: A Narrative Review.” Truvace, 2026-10-18. /record/TRV-2026-1790 (accessed at citation time). sha256 b6de21c52c5e8155…
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