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TRV-2026-1035Version 1 · Certified

Written 2026-09-09 06:07:25 UTC · current record

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TRUVACE RECORD VERSION
record: TRV-2026-1035
version: 1
kind: certified
reason: Certified into the record
timestamp: 2026-09-09T06:07:25.153952Z
status: published
lens: p_space
sector: health
headline: Machines that express emotions: from medical paternalism to machine paternalism?
dek: Abstract: Introduction: Machines do not have emotions, but they can be programmed to express (to appear to have) certain emotions. In medicine, robots and AI machines are used that could express positive emotions (joy, compassion, hope, gratitude, inspiration or awe) and priorities. Objective: To describe the main ethical implications of integrating the expression of emotions in machines used f...
gain_title: (none)
problem_title: Programming medical robots and AI to appear to have emotions risks creating machine paternalism, where simulated affect influences patients despite machines lacking real emotions.
trace_subject: (none)
gain_reading: (none)
gain_evidence: (none)
problem_reading: Programming medical robots and AI to appear to have emotions risks creating machine paternalism, where simulated affect influences patients despite machines lacking real emotions.
problem_evidence: Machines do not have emotions, but they can be programmed to express (to appear to have) certain emotions.
quick_read: As of the 2026-10-01 publication, the article describes that in medicine robots and AI machines are used that could be programmed to appear to express positive emotions such as joy, compassion and hope, despite not having emotions.

This matters because simulating emotions in clinical tools raises ethical questions about autonomy and influence, framed as a potential shift from medical paternalism to machine paternalism, with uncertainty about how patients interpret simulated affect.
limitation: Machines do not actually have emotions; any expression is simulated appearance, which bounds claims about genuine empathy.
tag: Evidence-backed problem
key_points: Source states machines do not have emotions but can be programmed to appear to have them. | Source states robots and AI machines in medicine could express positive emotions including joy, compassion, hope, gratitude, inspiration or awe. | Title frames the ethical shift as from medical paternalism to machine paternalism.
rundown: The source describes a current practice where robots and AI machines in medicine are used that could express positive emotions, listing joy, compassion, hope, gratitude, inspiration or awe.

It explicitly distinguishes real emotion from programmed appearance, stating machines do not have emotions but can be programmed to appear to have them, which underpins the ethical analysis of paternalism.
sources:
- peer_reviewed | Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scientific Electronic Library Online) | http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1726-569X2026000200207 | 2026-10-01
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