aceHuman in the loop artificial intelligence in healthcare: applications, outcomes, and implementation challenges
BACKGROUND: The integration of artificial intelligence in healthcare has transformed clinical practice and research methodologies. However, concerns regarding algorithmic accountability, interpretability, and safety have necessitated human oversight in AI systems. Human in the loop artificial intelligence represents a collaborative paradigm where human expertise and machine intelligence converge to enhance decision making while maintaining ethical standards and clinical safety. AIM: This review synthesizes curre…
Human-in-the-loop AI improved diagnostic accuracy, reduced medical errors, and enhanced patient safety compared to fully automated AI and clinician-only approaches.
Human-in-the-loop AI faces persistent concerns about algorithmic accountability, interpretability, and safety, plus challenges with workflow integration and regulatory gaps for adaptive systems.
Findings are based on a narrative review with thematic synthesis rather than a systematic review with quantitative meta-analysis, limiting assessment of effect sizes and selection bias across diverse HITL-AI applications.
Evidence
- Peer-reviewedInternational Journal of Medical Informatics2026-02-19
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Truvace Impact Record TRV-2026-0379, v1: “Human in the loop artificial intelligence in healthcare: applications, outcomes, and implementation challenges.” Truvace, 2026-07-20. /record/TRV-2026-0379 (accessed at citation time). sha256 52d24d559ce557b6…
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