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Evidence-backed gain

Δ -Machine Learning for the Prediction of Metal Complex Properties

The discovery and design of novel transition metal complexes for specific applications heavily rely on computational high-throughput screenings to identify promising candidates for experimental validation. However, traditional computational approaches, such as density functional theory, are often too computationally demanding to be applied on a large scale. Machine learning methods offer a promising alternative due to their excellent computational efficiency, but their accuracy and high data requirements remain…

Chemistry – A European Journal · Science

Δ -Machine Learning for the Prediction of Metal Complex Properties
Deep Learning-Based Enhancement of Already Diagnostic-Quality MRI for Alzheimer's Disease Classification: Effects on Model Performance and Training Data Requirements
Evidence-backed gain

Deep Learning-Based Enhancement of Already Diagnostic-Quality MRI for Alzheimer's Disease Classification: Effects on Model Performance and Training Data Requirements

Background Deep learning (DL)-based image enhancement is widely used to improve suboptimal medical imaging. Whether it also benefits diagnostic-quality MRI in downstream task performance and data-efficiency remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the impact of DL-based enhancement applied to diagnostic quality structural MRI for Alzheimer's disease (AD) classification. Study type Retrospective. Population A total of 2293 brain MRI scans from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were split into…

Health
Machine-learning-based Phenomapping of Patients with Keratinocyte Carcinoma: Data-driven Subgrouping by Disease Burden, Comorbidities and Socioeconomic Status
Evidence-backed gain

Machine-learning-based Phenomapping of Patients with Keratinocyte Carcinoma: Data-driven Subgrouping by Disease Burden, Comorbidities and Socioeconomic Status

Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) places a considerable and growing burden on healthcare systems. Given the KC population's heterogeneity, tailored clinical pathways are needed to accommodate diverse management needs. This study applied machine learning (ML)-based phenomapping to identify distinct real-world subgroups within a national KC population using demographic and medical history variables. The study included KC patients treated in publicly-funded, office-based dermatology practices and registered in the Danish…

Health
Efficient video-based traffic conflict prediction and interpretable risk analysis at signalized intersections via deep learning
Evidence-backed gain

Efficient video-based traffic conflict prediction and interpretable risk analysis at signalized intersections via deep learning

Objectives To achieve accurate and real-time prediction of traffic conflicts at signalized intersections and identify their key contributing factors, thereby supporting proactive safety management and reducing accident risks. Methods This study proposes a novel multi-stage traffic-conflict prediction framework that integrates a real-time video image processing system and an advanced conflict-prediction model. Specifically, a real-time video analysis system integrating the YOLOv8 object detection framework and th…

Policy
AI Simplification of Dermatopathology Reports for Patients: Basic Versus Prompt-Engineered Approaches
Both readings

AI Simplification of Dermatopathology Reports for Patients: Basic Versus Prompt-Engineered Approaches

Background Patients struggle to comprehend dermatopathology reports. As artificial intelligence (AI) tools become more accessible, patients may use them to interpret reports; however, optimal approaches remain unexplored. Objective Evaluate whether prompt-engineered AI simplification of dermatopathology reports improves factualness, completeness, and reduces potential harm compared to basic AI usage. Methods Survey-based study (January-April 2025) of 52 US dermatology and dermatopathology professionals (70.3% re…

Health
PREDICTIVE OCT BIOMARKERS OF RETINAL CHANGES AND VISUAL OUTCOMES IN SILICONE OIL ENDOTAMPONADE IDENTIFIED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Evidence-backed gain

PREDICTIVE OCT BIOMARKERS OF RETINAL CHANGES AND VISUAL OUTCOMES IN SILICONE OIL ENDOTAMPONADE IDENTIFIED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Purpose To quantify retinal layer changes and visual outcomes in eyes with silicone oil (SO) endotamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using OCT biomarkers and prediction models. Methods Seventy-six eyes with SO endotamponade underwent macular volume OCT at SO insertion and just before SO removal. An automated segmentation tool quantified retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL), other retinal layers, and fluid (SRF, IRF). Eyes with and without macular ede…

Health
Impact of AI assistance on reading time, cancer detection rate, and abnormal interpretation rate in screening and diagnostic mammography: a prospective alternating-month study
Evidence-backed gain

Impact of AI assistance on reading time, cancer detection rate, and abnormal interpretation rate in screening and diagnostic mammography: a prospective alternating-month study

Objective To compare reading time, cancer detection rate (CDR), and abnormal interpretation rate (AIR) between AI-assisted and non-AI-assisted periods in screening and diagnostic mammography performed in routine clinical practice. Materials and methods We prospectively collected reading times for consecutive two-view full-field digital mammography interpreted by four radiologists between August 2023 and July 2024. Both screening and diagnostic examinations were included. A commercially available AI system was in…

Health

As online dating goes into ‘salvage mode’, can AI solve all its problems?

Bumble was supposed to be different. When it launched in 2014, it offered women a simple proposition: if you matched with a man, you had to make the first move. The rule was meant to make online dating safer and less intimidating, while giving women control over who got to speak first. This week, Bumble abandoned it. The change follows the introduction of Opening Moves, which had already softened the original rule, and comes as Bumble prepares to abandon another defining feature: the swipe. The company says it i…

Lifestyle
As online dating goes into ‘salvage mode’, can AI solve all its problems?

Generative AI for Transformative Healthcare: A Comprehensive Study of Emerging Models, Applications, Case Studies, and Limitations

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) can be broadly described as an artificial intelligence system capable of generating images, text, and other media types with human prompts. GAI models like ChatGPT, DALL-E, and Bard have recently caught the attention of industry and academia equally. GAI applications span various industries like art, gaming, fashion, and healthcare. In healthcare, GAI shows promise in medical research, diagnosis, treatment, and patient care and is already making strides in real-world depl…

Health
Generative AI for Transformative Healthcare: A Comprehensive Study of Emerging Models, Applications, Case Studies, and Limitations

CURL-AID: Automated Echocardiographic Motion Analysis for Quantitative Assessment of Posterior Systolic Curling

Objective Posterior systolic curling (PSC) is a morphofunctional abnormality of the posterior mitral annulus associated with malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Current diagnosis is qualitative and operator-dependent, limiting reproducibility, objectivity and standardization. This study introduces CURL-AID (Curling Ultrasound-based Recognition and Labeling-Automated Intelligence-driven Diagnosis), a fully automated echocardiographic framework for PSC detection through quantitative analysi…

Health
CURL-AID: Automated Echocardiographic Motion Analysis for Quantitative Assessment of Posterior Systolic Curling

Identifying the presence of disc herniations in lumbar spine MRI using Gemini 3.1 Pro

Purpose Lumbar disc herniation is associated with substantial morbidity, including low back pain, radicular leg pain (sciatica), sensory disturbance, and motor deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is central to confirming the diagnosis in symptomatic patients and to planning surgical or interventional management. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) raise the possibility of automating aspects of image interpretation to improve consistency and reduce radiologist workload. This study evaluates a ge…

Health
Identifying the presence of disc herniations in lumbar spine MRI using Gemini 3.1 Pro

Advances in AI's Future in Toxicology: Integrating Computational Prediction and Clinical Translation Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are increasingly used in toxicological risk assessment to predict chemical toxicity, identify hazardous compounds, and support regulatory decision-making. However, the widespread adoption of these models is limited by their "black-box" nature, which reduces interpretability, transparency, and regulatory confidence. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges by revealing how input features, including c…

Health
Advances in AI's Future in Toxicology: Integrating Computational Prediction and Clinical Translation Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Machine learning force field development and basic physical property studies for molten salt reactor fuel salt LiF-BeF<sub>2</sub>-UF<sub>4</sub>

As one of the most promising technological pathways for Generation IV advanced reactors, molten salt reactors (MSRs) rely on the fuel salt LiF-BeF 2 -UF 4 (FLiBeU), whose microstructural characteristics and fundamental physical properties determine the reactor's thermal-hydraulic behavior and safe operating limits. In response to the experimental challenges posed by the high temperature and high radioactivity of this molten salt system, this study adopts the deep potential molecular dynamics (DPMD) method combin…

Science
Machine learning force field development and basic physical property studies for molten salt reactor fuel salt LiF-BeF<sub>2</sub>-UF<sub>4</sub>