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BusinessEvidence-backed gain
Synopsys Stock Surges On AI-Driven Transformation Of Engineering
Synopsys stock rose after the company's investor day presentation focused on growth from AI-assisted chip design tools.
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Evidence-backed gain
Comparative evaluation of VoxelMorpand conventional deformable image registration algorithms for thoracic 4D-CT in radiotherapy
Background Deformable image registration (DIR) is essential for thoracic four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT)-based radiotherapy applications. Recently, deep learning-based DIR methods such as VoxelMorph have been proposed; however, their performance relative to clinically used DIR algorithms remains unclear. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the DIR accuracy of VoxelMorph for thoracic 4D-CT and to compare it with conventional clinical and research-oriented DIR methods. Materials and methods Thoracic…
Evidence-backed problem
Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbots in Genetic Counseling Practice: Current Uptake, Utilization, and Perspectives
AI-driven chatbots have been utilized in healthcare to automate administrative tasks, improve patient education, and expand access to medical information; however, their role in genetic counseling remains underexplored. To investigate the adoption, perceptions, and potential utility of AI-based chatbots in genetic counseling practice, 217 genetic counselors and genetic counseling students from across North America were surveyed regarding chatbot usage, confidence in their application, and perceived benefits and…
Both readings
Artificial intelligence-assisted digital thyroid FNA cytology: Improved agreement and sensitivity for higher-risk Bethesda categories with enhanced screening efficiency
Background Accurate cytologic classification of thyroid nodules is essential for clinical management, but interobserver variability and indeterminate interpretations remain persistent challenges. The clinical feasibility of AIxTHY, a disease-specific deep-learning algorithm integrated into a digital cytology platform, was evaluated for assisting thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis using whole-slide imaging (WSI). Methods Two cytopathologists and one cytologist independently reviewed 100 archival ThinP…
Evidence-backed gain
A Machine Learning-Derived Risk Scorecard for Pneumonia Hospitalization in Japanese Old-Old Adults
Aim To develop and internally validate a machine learning-based risk scorecard for 1-year pneumonia hospitalization among community-dwelling Japanese adults aged ≥ 75 years using routinely collected frailty screening and claims data. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1 098 404 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 75 years who completed the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) between April 2020 and March 2024, using the Late-Stage Medical Care System claims database. Data were spli…
Health
Incremental Propensity Score Interventions: A Primer for Pharmacoepidemiologists
Background In observational pharmacoepidemiology, estimating average treatment effects (ATEs) is often challenging due to a lack of practical positivity. In highly selective clinical settings, certain patients almost always or never receive treatment, causing ATE estimators to rely on unstable extrapolation. Incremental propensity score interventions (IPSIs) offer a stochastic alternative by shifting each patient's probability of treatment, providing a more clinically realistic framework that circumvents positiv…
Health
Comparison of the Cox Proportional Hazards Model and Random Survival Forest Algorithm for Predicting Patient-Specific Survival Probabilities in Clinical Trial Data
The Cox proportional hazards model is often used to analyze data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with time-to-event outcomes. Random survival forest (RSF) is a machine-learning algorithm known for its high predictive performance. We conduct a comprehensive neutral comparison study to compare the performance of Cox regression and RSF in various simulation scenarios based on two reference datasets from RCTs. The motivation is to identify settings in which one method is preferable over the other when compa…
Climate
Artificial Intelligence and Climate Risk Shocks
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely applied across various fields and has demonstrated effectiveness to some extent. However, some scholars have raised concerns about its ethical implications and potential rebound effects, particularly in the context of climate issues. To address these debates, we obtained cross-national panel data for 51 countries from 1996 to 2023 through the ISETS Energy Finance Network, WIPO, and World Bank databases. A two-way fixed effects model was used to examine the relationshi…
Health
Identification and Experimental Validation of PANoptosis Key Genes for Constructing a PANoptosis Risk Diagnostic Model in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) represents a significant health concern globally. This study aimed to identify the PANoptosis key genes (PKGs) associated with IDD and construct a risk diagnosis model METHODS: Single-cell sequencing, machine learning algorithms, and LASSO regression were employed to identify PKGs and develop a risk model. The expression of identified PKGs was validated in human IDD clinical tissues using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The therapeutic effect of…
Health
Profluent And BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. Partner To Design Novel Medicines Using AI
Profluent announced a collaboration with BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. to design and optimize novel enzyme therapies for BioMarin's pipeline. Under the agreement, Profluent will apply its foundational...
Education
MI5 China alert will send chill through UK’s cash-strapped universities
The security alert issued by MI5 regarding a Chinese state-owned conglomerate accused of conducting espionage in the UK reveals the extent to which British intelligence remains concerned about Beijing’s influence, and risks casting a shadow over UK-China cooperation at a time when the bilateral relationship is enjoying a revival. The UK’s domestic security service on Wednesday warned researchers and academics to cease work with the China Academy of General Technology (CAGT), an organisation MI5 described as a “s…
Education
Hedge fund CEO gives $3bn to Carnegie Mellon University in historic donation
Carnegie Mellon University will receive an unprecedented $3bn donation from the billionaire investor Ken Griffin, making it the largest single donation in the history of US education. Griffin, 57, is the founder and CEO of Citadel, described as the most profitable hedge fund in history. The money is going toward a new Miami campus as well as big investments at the university’s longtime home in Pittsburgh. Part of the funding will be used to develop Carnegie Mellon’s presence in Miami, Florida, where Griffin live…
