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Evidence-backed problem

AI in Everyday Life: How Algorithmic Systems Shape Social Relations, Opportunity, and Public Trust

Artificial intelligence is often framed as a neutral technical tool that enhances efficiency and consistency in institutional decision-making. This article challenges that framing by showing that automated systems now operate as social and institutional actors that reshape recognition, opportunity, and public trust in everyday life. Focusing on employment screening, welfare administration, and digital platforms, the study examines how algorithmic systems mediate social relations and reorganise how individuals ar…

Societies · Policy

AI in Everyday Life: How Algorithmic Systems Shape Social Relations, Opportunity, and Public Trust

Both readings

XAI-driven Data Mining for Self-defending IoT Systems: Enhancing Cybersecurity Transparency in the Age of Smart Cities

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in smart cities, healthcare, and industrial automation has intensified the need for cybersecurity frameworks capable of operating at scale and in real time under increasingly sophisticated threat conditions. Traditional security mechanisms and opaque AI-based models are no longer adequate for protecting interconnected urban infrastructures, especially as regulatory and societal expectations move toward transparency and accountability. Although prior su…

Crime

Evidence-backed gain

The impact of robot-assisted language learning (RALL) on EFL students’ classroom engagement and willingness to attend classes (WTAC): A technology acceptance model (TAM) perspective

Recently, a surge of scholarly attention has been paid to the impacts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools on second/foreign language (L2) education. Nonetheless, there is a lack of evidence on the role of AI-assisted robots or robot-assisted language learning (RALL) in English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ psycho-emotional factors and academic behaviors. To address this gap, drawing on the technology acceptance model (TAM), the present study probed into the impact of robot-assisted L2 education on Chin…

Education

Both readings

The development of cyber threats related to the use of AI

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) means that its role in cyberspace is also growing, both in terms of threats and defence against them. AI supports the automation of anomaly detection, data analysis, and incident response, which enhances protection efficiency. However, cybercriminals use AI-based solutions to create sophisticated attack tools, such as advanced phishing schemes, deepfakes, and hard-to-detect malware. The author analyses the role of AI in generating cyber threats and evaluates…

Crime

Evidence-backed problem

"That's another doom I haven't thought about": A User Study on AI Labels as a Safeguard Against Image-Based Misinformation

As generative AI is increasingly contributing to the spread of deceptively realistic misinformation, lawmakers have introduced regulations requiring the disclosure of AI-generated content. However, it is unclear if labels reduce the risk of users falling for AI-generated misinformation. To address this research gap, we study the effect of labels on users’ perception and the implications of mislabeling, focusing on AI-generated images. We first explored users’ opinions and expectations of labels using five focus…

Policy

Both readings

How Generative AI Empowers Attackers and Defenders Across the Trust & Safety Landscape

Generative AI (GenAI) is a powerful technology poised to reshape Trust & Safety. While misuse by attackers is a growing concern, its defensive capacity remains underexplored. This paper examines these effects through a qualitative study with 43 Trust & Safety experts across five domains: child safety, election integrity, hate and harassment, scams, and violent extremism. Our findings characterize a landscape in which GenAI empowers both attackers and defenders. GenAI dramatically increases the scale and speed of…

Crime

Evidence-backed problem

The impact of AI on the labour market

This study explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the labour market, focusing on changes in job roles, skill requirements, and human resource (HR) practices. Unlike previous surveys that primarily addressed technological aspects, this research systematically integrates technological, organisational, and institutional perspectives. The literature review (2020–2025) shows that AI adoption is closely associated with rising demand for technical and interdisciplinary skills, restructuring of work role…

Labor

Skill-biased technological change in the age of AI: a theoretical analysis of automation and inequality

This paper develops a general equilibrium model to analyze how artificial intelligence (AI)–driven automation reshapes productivity, labor markets, and income distribution. The model features heterogeneous workers, endogenous automation decisions, and irreversible skill investment choices, allowing a unified examination of displacement, complementarity, and skill-supply responses. Automation substitutes for labor in routine tasks, reducing demand and wages for low-skilled workers, while simultaneously enhancing…

Labor

Navigating ethical, regulatory, and implementation barriers to AI in healthcare: pathways toward inclusive digital health in low-resource settings—a scoping review

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet its rapid adoption raises complex ethical, regulatory, and implementation challenges. This review investigates these barriers and identifies emerging strategies that support equitable and inclusive AI deployment in resource-limited settings. Methods: Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, a systematic mapping of literature was conduc…

Policy

A generative artificial intelligence approach for peptide antibiotic optimization

Abstract Antibiotic resistance is rising globally, demanding faster, more reliable routes to design antimicrobial candidates. Although artificial-intelligence-based methods have accelerated antimicrobial discovery, most are designed to screen fixed libraries or generate candidates broadly, rather than optimize existing peptide scaffolds under practical design constraints. Here, to address this challenge, we present APEX generative optimization (ApexGO). ApexGO uses a transformer variational autoencoder that embe…

Science

A generative artificial intelligence approach for peptide antibiotic optimization

AI-driven multimodal retinal imaging for early detection and risk stratification of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases

Systemic vascular and neurodegenerative disorders are important causes of disability and death worldwide, mainly because of the late stage of diagnosis and the high cost of current screening tools. Artificial intelligence (AI) and multimodal retinal imaging offer a non-invasive and viable approach for early risk stratification and longitudinal monitoring. This review highlights how changes in the retinal vasculature and nerve layers are markers of underlying pathophysiologies related to cardiovascular, metabolic…

Health

AI-driven multimodal retinal imaging for early detection and risk stratification of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases

Evolving surgical teams in the age of artificial intelligence and robotics

Surgery is a critical function of the healthcare system, key to addressing a substantial portion of the global disease burden. The integration of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics ecosystems into the operating room (OR) promises to radically transform surgery, with profound implications. This article analyzes the current state of surgical AI and robotic systems; presents a vision for their future, highlighting technological and research challenges and their associated impact on surgical teams; a…

Health

Evolving surgical teams in the age of artificial intelligence and robotics

Manipulation and Deception in Generative AI-Mediated Education: Preserving Epistemic Agency, Critical Thinking, and Creativity

Abstract Generative AI now mediates core parts of learning, yet we lack criteria to tell its legitimate pedagogical uses from manipulative and deceptive ones. We also know too little about how AI reshapes the growth of critical thinking and creativity, or about whether it accelerates drift from educational goods to evaluative metrics. Using a postdigital, pragmatist lens that treats classrooms as sociomaterial assemblages of people, platforms, and institutions, we propose three orienting principles: moral legiti…

Education

From AI adoption to AI governance: Developing a Buddhist interpretive framework for higher education

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being adopted in higher education to support teaching, learning, administration, quality assurance, and institutional planning. However, much of the current discussion remains focused on adoption, efficiency, and technological capability, with less attention to the interpretive and governance conditions required for responsible institutional use. This article addresses that gap by developing a Buddhist interpretive framework for AI governance in higher education. Drawing o…

Policy

From AI adoption to AI governance: Developing a Buddhist interpretive framework for higher education

Human-AI co-creation or conflict? Mapping art students’ diverse perspectives on creative identity with genAI: A Q methodology study

Abstract Generative AI (GenAI) is rapidly transforming creative fields, raising critical questions about its impact on artistic identity and authorship, which also influence art education. While studies have explored GenAI adoption, the diversity of art students’ subjective perspectives on collaborating with these tools remains under-examined. This study uses Q methodology, a mixed-methods approach to investigating subjectivity, to explore the distinct perspectives art students hold regarding their creative iden…

Education

Human-AI co-creation or conflict? Mapping art students’ diverse perspectives on creative identity with genAI: A Q methodology study