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High Use, Low Preparation: A Needs Assessment to Inform Curriculum Development for AI in Residency and Fellowship Training

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1 sourcePeer-reviewed
Published
1 min read
Truvace record
TRV-2026-2434cite or check it

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has rapidly entered clinical environments, posing a risk of "cognitive offloading" that may impede the development of independent clinical judgment. This study conducted a cross-sectional survey of residents, fellows, and faculty at a large academic medical center in January 2026 to quantify Gen-AI utilization and perceptions in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) to inform curriculum development.

Read the study abstract

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has rapidly entered clinical environments, posing a risk of "cognitive offloading" that may impede the development of independent clinical judgment. This study conducted a cross-sectional survey of residents, fellows, and faculty at a large academic medical center in January 2026 to quantify Gen-AI utilization and perceptions in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) to inform curriculum development. Thirty-six trainees (95% response rate) and 11 faculty members (…

The problem

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has rapidly entered clinical environments, posing a risk of "cognitive offloading" that may impede the development of independent clinical judgment.

In brief

Thirty-six trainees (95% response rate) and 11 faculty members (30% response rate) completed the survey; 43 (91.5%) reported any Gen-AI use and formed the analytic sample. Among users, 72.1% used Gen-AI daily for clinical learning and 51.2% during patient encounters, yet 67.4% were self-taught and only 7.0% always requested citations.

Main points

  1. This study conducted a cross-sectional survey of residents, fellows, and faculty at a large academic medical center in January 2026 to quantify Gen-AI utilization and perceptions in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) to inform curriculum development.
  2. Thirty-six trainees (95% response rate) and 11 faculty members (30% response rate) completed the survey; 43 (91.5%) reported any Gen-AI use and formed the analytic sample.
  3. Among users, 72.1% used Gen-AI daily for clinical learning and 51.2% during patient encounters, yet 67.4% were self-taught and only 7.0% always requested citations.

The full story

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has rapidly entered clinical environments, posing a risk of "cognitive offloading" that may impede the development of independent clinical judgment. This study conducted a cross-sectional survey of residents, fellows, and faculty at a large academic medical center in January 2026 to quantify Gen-AI utilization and perceptions in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) to inform curriculum development.

Talk it overFour questions for a class, a team or the dinner table

  1. Who carries this cost, and what would have to change to prevent it?

    The problem Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has rapidly entered clinical environments, posing a risk of "cognitive offloading" that may impede the development of independent clinical judgment.

  2. How do we know? What can this kind of evidence show, and what can’t it?

    The evidence This rests on peer-reviewed research, from American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.

  3. What does it leave open? What else would you want to know before acting on it?

  4. Have you seen AI used this way where you study, work or live? Did it go the same way?

The questions are the same on every record. The details under them are taken from this record as written.

Sources

1 on file
  1. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitationdoi:10.1097/phm.0000000000003198
    Peer-reviewed2026-11-02

The debate

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